Overview:
Dysentery is an infection of the intestines that causes severe diarrhea with blood and mucus. It is commonly caused by bacteria (Shigella) or parasites (Entamoeba histolytica), leading to inflammation and ulceration of the intestinal lining. Poor sanitation and contaminated food or water are primary sources of infection.

Causes:
Dysentery occurs due to bacterial or parasitic infections, often transmitted through contaminated food, water, or direct contact with infected individuals. Poor hygiene and inadequate sanitation increase the risk.

Symptoms:
Common symptoms include frequent loose stools with blood or mucus, abdominal cramps, fever, nausea, dehydration, and weakness. Severe cases can lead to complications such as malnutrition and intestinal damage.

Treatment:
Treatment depends on the cause. Bacterial dysentery is treated with antibiotics, while amoebic dysentery requires antiparasitic medications like metronidazole. Adequate hydration with oral rehydration solutions (ORS) is crucial to prevent dehydration.

Precautions:
Maintaining proper hygiene, drinking clean water, and consuming well-cooked food help prevent dysentery. Avoiding street food and washing hands regularly are essential preventive measures.

Prevention:
Good sanitation, access to clean drinking water, and vaccination where applicable can reduce the risk of dysentery outbreaks.

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