Overview:
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive loss of kidney function over time, leading to the gradual decline in the kidneys’ ability to filter waste and excess fluids from the blood. This condition can result in serious health complications and is often associated with other chronic conditions such as diabetes and hypertension.

Causes:
The most common causes of CKD include diabetes mellitus, which leads to diabetic nephropathy, and hypertension, which causes hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Other causes include glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, prolonged use of certain medications (like NSAIDs), and recurrent urinary tract infections. Lifestyle factors, such as obesity and smoking, can also contribute to the progression of CKD.

Symptoms:
Early stages of CKD may not present noticeable symptoms, but as the disease progresses, individuals may experience fatigue, swelling in the legs and ankles, changes in urination patterns, nausea, loss of appetite, and confusion. Severe cases may lead to symptoms of kidney failure, such as shortness of breath and severe hypertension.

Treatment:
Management of CKD focuses on slowing disease progression and addressing underlying causes. This may involve controlling blood pressure and blood sugar levels, dietary modifications (low-protein and low-sodium diets), and medications to manage complications. In advanced stages, dialysis or kidney transplantation may be required.

Precautions:
Patients with CKD should regularly monitor kidney function through blood tests, adhere to prescribed treatments, and maintain a healthy lifestyle. Staying hydrated and avoiding nephrotoxic substances are also crucial for kidney health.

Prevention:
Preventive measures include controlling risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension, maintaining a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Regular check-ups for individuals at risk can help in the early detection and management of CKD.

For expert care in managing Chronic Kidney Disease, visit KDM Hospital in Lucknow, offering specialized nephrology services, 24/7 doctor availability, and Ayushman card acceptance for accessible healthcare solutions.