Overview:
Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill with fluid or pus, leading to difficulty in breathing. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or inhalation of foreign substances. Pneumonia can range from mild to severe and may require hospitalization depending on the patient’s age and health status.

Causes:
Pneumonia is most commonly caused by bacterial infections, with Streptococcus pneumoniae being the leading pathogen. Other causes include viral infections, such as influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), or COVID-19, and fungal infections in people with weakened immune systems. Inhalation of food, liquid, or vomit can also lead to aspiration pneumonia.

Symptoms:
Symptoms of pneumonia include cough (with or without mucus), fever, chills, shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue. In severe cases, confusion and rapid breathing may occur. Pneumonia symptoms can mimic other respiratory infections, but it typically causes a more persistent cough and difficulty breathing.

Treatment:
Treatment for pneumonia depends on the cause. Bacterial pneumonia is treated with antibiotics, while viral pneumonia may require antiviral medication. Supportive care, including oxygen therapy, rest, fluids, and pain relievers, is often recommended. Severe cases may require hospitalization and advanced care, such as mechanical ventilation.

Precautions:
To reduce the risk of pneumonia, it’s important to get vaccinated against pneumococcal bacteria and flu. Smoking cessation and practicing good hygiene, including handwashing, can help prevent respiratory infections. People with weakened immune systems should take extra precautions to avoid exposure to respiratory pathogens.

Prevention:
Vaccination, avoiding tobacco smoke, and frequent handwashing are key measures to prevent pneumonia. A healthy diet, regular exercise, and proper management of underlying conditions like asthma or diabetes can also reduce the risk of respiratory infections.

For expert care in the management of pneumonia, visit the KDM Hospital in Lucknow. The hospital offers comprehensive respiratory care, including advanced diagnostic services, 24/7 doctor availability, ambulance services, budget-friendly options, and Ayushman card acceptance.