Overview:
Esophagitis is the inflammation of the esophagus, the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. It can cause pain, difficulty swallowing, and discomfort. If left untreated, it may lead to complications like ulcers, scarring, or narrowing of the esophagus.

Causes:
Esophagitis can result from acid reflux (GERD), infections, certain medications, allergies (eosinophilic esophagitis), or prolonged use of a nasogastric tube. Consuming very hot foods or corrosive substances can also damage the esophagus.

Symptoms:
Common symptoms include heartburn, difficulty swallowing, chest pain (especially after eating), regurgitation of food, sore throat, and nausea. In severe cases, bleeding or food getting stuck in the esophagus may occur.

Treatment:
Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Acid reflux-related esophagitis is managed with antacids, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and lifestyle changes. Infectious esophagitis requires antifungal, antiviral, or antibiotic medications. Allergic esophagitis may be treated with dietary changes and corticosteroids.

Precautions:
Patients should avoid spicy, acidic, and hot foods, eat smaller meals, avoid lying down immediately after eating, and take prescribed medications properly. Those with GERD should elevate their head while sleeping.

Prevention:
Maintaining a healthy diet, avoiding smoking and alcohol, managing acid reflux, and taking medications correctly can help prevent esophagitis.

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