Overview:
Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is a condition in which the heart valves are damaged as a result of rheumatic fever, a complication of untreated or inadequately treated streptococcal throat infections (such as strep throat). RHD primarily affects children and young adults, leading to chronic heart valve problems, heart failure, and other serious complications. The heart valves become scarred, which can impair blood flow through the heart.

Causes:
The primary cause of RHD is an untreated streptococcal throat infection, which leads to rheumatic fever. The immune response triggered by the infection can attack the heart tissue, particularly the heart valves, causing inflammation and scarring. Recurrent strep throat infections can increase the risk of developing RHD.

Symptoms:
Symptoms of RHD can include shortness of breath, fatigue, chest pain, palpitations, and swelling in the legs, feet, or abdomen. In some cases, there may be signs of heart failure, such as difficulty breathing, especially when lying flat. Patients may also experience irregular heartbeats, known as arrhythmias, and in severe cases, RHD can lead to stroke due to blood clots forming in the heart.

Treatment:
Treatment for RHD typically involves managing symptoms, preventing further damage to the heart, and addressing the underlying streptococcal infection. Antibiotics are given to treat and prevent strep throat, and anti-inflammatory medications such as aspirin or corticosteroids may be used to reduce inflammation during a rheumatic fever attack. In some cases, surgery may be required to repair or replace damaged heart valves.

Precautions:
Patients with a history of rheumatic fever should receive regular medical check-ups to monitor heart function. Prophylactic antibiotics are recommended for those at risk to prevent future strep infections. It’s important to avoid recurrent throat infections by practicing good hygiene and seeking prompt medical attention for any sore throat or fever.

Prevention:
Preventing RHD involves early detection and proper treatment of strep throat with antibiotics to prevent the development of rheumatic fever. Timely medical intervention during a strep infection can greatly reduce the risk of RHD. Maintaining good hygiene practices and seeking immediate medical care for throat infections are key preventive steps.

For expert care in Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD), visit the KDM Hospital in Lucknow. The hospital offers comprehensive heart care, including advanced diagnostic and treatment services, 24/7 doctor availability, ambulance services, budget-friendly options, and Ayushman card acceptance.